In a recent summit held in Montenegro, leaders of the European Union pressed for a more efficient and reliable process to welcome new member states, underscoring the bloc’s readiness and ability to expand. German Chancellor Friedrich Merz highlighted the importance of this endeavor, stating that the EU must prove its commitment to integrating the Western Balkan region into its framework. He pointed out that it has been over ten years since a new nation joined the EU, signaling the necessity for reforming the accession pathway.
European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen supported this stance, emphasizing the need for membership negotiations to be more decisive and dependable for countries striving to join. The summit convened leaders from the EU and six Western Balkan countries—Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Serbia—all of which are on the path to EU membership. Among these, Montenegro stands as the frontrunner, aiming to become a member by 2028.
French President Emmanuel Macron stressed the strategic significance of EU enlargement, citing its role in enhancing Europe’s security, energy autonomy, and management of migration. He also expressed support for the idea of “gradual integration,” a concept that would allow aspiring countries to engage with select EU institutions and initiatives prior to obtaining full membership.
The impetus for expanding the EU has intensified in the wake of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, with both Ukraine and Moldova also seeking membership. Brussels considers enlargement a crucial strategy for bolstering stability and diminishing external influences in the region. This geopolitical context has added urgency to the EU’s enlargement agenda, as it seeks to extend its influence and consolidate its borders.
Despite this renewed political momentum, the accession process remains complex and protracted. It demands significant reforms from candidate nations and requires unanimous consent from all 27 EU member states at each procedural stage, underscoring the intricate and multifaceted nature of EU expansion.